Tennessee Homeschool Funding
EFS (statewide), ESA (district-limited), IEA (special needs), and access notes.
Main program
Program name: Education Freedom Scholarships (EFS) — statewide
Admin: Tennessee Department of Education (TDOE)
Other state programs
ESA: Education Savings Account — limited to eligible districts/ASD
IEA: Individualized Education Account — special needs ESA
Typical award
EFS: Scholarship amount set annually in law/policy; see current figure in the EFS Family Handbook.
ESA: Award amount varies by eligible district and year (posted on the ESA page).
IEA: Amount set annually; varies by student factors and district.
Disbursement: State-managed education accounts pay approved schools/providers (not cash to families).
Who qualifies (high level)
- Residency: Student is a Tennessee resident (all programs).
- EFS: Student attends a participating nonpublic school and meets program criteria.
- ESA: Student meets eligibility and is zoned to an eligible district/ASD (see ESA page for current list).
- IEA: Student has a qualifying disability and participates either via private school or approved parent-directed education.
Timeline
- EFS: Applications open in spring for the coming school year.
- ESA: Applications typically open in spring; rolling until seats are filled.
- IEA: Published application windows each year (see IEA page).
Overview
Tennessee does not fund independent “home school” programs generally. Instead, families may qualify for: (1) Education Freedom Scholarships (EFS), a statewide scholarship used at participating nonpublic schools; (2) the ESA program limited to certain districts/ASD; and (3) the IEA special-needs ESA, which can be used for private school or certain approved parent-directed (home education) expenses. All three programs operate through state-managed accounts and pay approved schools/providers directly.
Programs
Education Freedom Scholarships (EFS)
- Type: State K–12 scholarship (ESA-style account) statewide
- Award: Set annually; see current amount and rules in the EFS Family Handbook
- Uses: Tuition/fees at participating nonpublic schools and other approved items outlined by TDOE
- Admin: TDOE (EFS team)
Education Savings Account (ESA) Program
- Type: ESA (limited to eligible districts/ASD)
- Award: District-based amount set yearly (see “Estimated Award Amounts” on the ESA page)
- Uses: Tuition/fees at participating nonpublic schools and other approved educational expenses
- Admin: TDOE (ESA team)
Individualized Education Account (IEA)
- Type: Special-needs ESA
- Award: Set annually; varies by student/district
- Uses: Private school tuition/fees or approved parent-directed (home education) expenses, therapies, tests, etc.
- Admin: TDOE (IEA team)
Eligibility
- Residency: Student must be a Tennessee resident.
- EFS: Enrollment in a participating nonpublic school and compliance with program criteria.
- ESA: Eligibility tied to specific districts/ASD and other criteria (e.g., prior enrollment or entering K); see ESA page for current rules.
- IEA: Student meets qualifying disability criteria; cannot be enrolled full-time in public school while using IEA funds.
How to apply
- Open the correct program portal/page (EFS, ESA, or IEA).
- Complete the application and upload required documents (proof of TN residency, age, prior enrollment/IEP if applicable, acceptance at a participating school where required).
- After approval, set up the student account and select participating school/providers.
- Submit payment requests or pre-approvals per the program’s instructions; track balances and keep receipts.
EFS — Program & Family Info ESA — Program Page IEA — Program Page
Covered expenses
- Nonpublic school tuition & mandatory fees
- Curriculum & instructional materials (program-specific)
- Tutoring / instruction (approved providers)
- Standardized tests & assessments
- Special education services & therapies (licensed)
- Online courses / educational software
- Textbooks & required supplies
- Eligible technology (per caps)
- Transportation allowances (if offered)
- Always check the current program handbook for allowables/exclusions.
Deadlines
| Milestone | Date | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| EFS application window | Opens spring (announced yearly) | Seats/caps and priority groups apply |
| ESA application window | Opens spring (announced yearly) | Rolling until seats are filled |
| IEA application window(s) | Set windows each year | See IEA page for current dates |