Minnesota Homeschool Funding
Education tax credit & subtraction programs.
Main program
Program name: K–12 Education Subtraction & K–12 Education Credit
Admin: Minnesota Department of Revenue (DOR)
Typical award
Amount: Credit: up to $1,500 per qualifying child (refundable; income-limited). Subtraction: up to $1,625 (K–6) or $2,500 (7–12) per child (no income limit).
Disbursement: State income tax credit or refund (credit) / tax subtraction (reduces taxable income). Not an ESA or upfront stipend.
Who qualifies
- Residency: File a Minnesota individual income tax return and have a qualifying K–12 child (public, private, or qualified homeschool).
- Age/grade: Child attended K–12 during the tax year.
- Income/other: Credit has AGI limits (e.g., $79,760 max AGI for 1–2 qualifying children; higher with 3+). Subtraction has no income limit; some costs must be for a school in MN or a bordering state.
Timeline
- Application opens: Each tax year when filing opens (mid-Jan.).
- Deadline: File with your MN tax return for that year (typically mid-April).
- Fund availability: Credit is paid as part of your refund after return is processed.
Overview
Minnesota does not offer an ESA for homeschoolers. Instead, families can reduce taxes or receive a refund for qualifying education expenses via the K–12 Education Credit (refundable, income-limited) and the K–12 Education Subtraction (no income limit; reduces taxable income). You claim these on your state income tax return by attaching the required schedules. Minnesota also offers Postsecondary Enrollment Options (PSEO) for grades 10–12 and limited shared-time access to public school classes—these provide services rather than cash to families.
Programs
K–12 Education Credit
- Type: Refundable state income tax credit.
- Award: Up to $1,500 per qualifying child (subject to AGI limits).
- Uses: Qualifying K–12 education expenses you paid (see DOR list & homeschool guidance).
- Admin: Minnesota Department of Revenue.
K–12 Education Subtraction
- Type: State income tax subtraction (reduces taxable income).
- Award: Max $1,625 (K–6) or $2,500 (7–12) per child.
- Uses: Qualifying education expenses per DOR guidance.
- Admin: Minnesota Department of Revenue.
Postsecondary Enrollment Options (PSEO)
- Type: State program paying for eligible high-school students (including homeschoolers) to take college courses for dual credit.
- Award/Uses: By law, covers tuition and certain fees; textbooks/materials handled per statute and MDE guidance. Deadlines vary by college.
- Admin: Minnesota Department of Education (MDE) & participating colleges.
Shared-Time (part-time public school access)
- Type: District-provided access to public school classes for nonpublic pupils; generates state aid to districts (no direct payment to families).
- Admin: Local school districts; authority in Minn. Stat. § 126C.19.
Eligibility
- Residency: File a MN return and have a qualifying K–12 child in a public, private, or qualified homeschool.
- Age/grade: Child attended K–12 during the tax year.
- Income: Credit requires AGI under set limits (e.g., $79,760 max AGI for 1–2 qualifying children; higher with 3+). Subtraction has no income limit.
- Other: You cannot use the same expense for both the credit and the subtraction. Keep documentation.
How to apply
- Save receipts and invoices for each child’s qualifying expenses (itemized).
- Decide which program to claim per child/expense (credit vs. subtraction). You cannot double-claim the same expense.
- Complete the required tax schedules:
- Credit: Attach Schedule M1ED to your MN Form M1.
- Subtraction: Report on Schedule M1M (Income Additions & Subtractions).
- E-file or mail your return by the tax filing deadline; track your refund through DOR if claiming the credit.
Covered expenses
See DOR’s “Qualifying Expenses” and “Home School Expenses” guidance for full details and examples.
- Textbooks & instructional materials (K–12)
- Tutoring & academic instruction
- Educational software / certain technology used primarily for education
- Tests & academic assessments
- Transportation for educational activities (per DOR rules)
- Supplies & materials for coursework
- Academic camps/lessons with educational objectives
- Driver’s education (when qualifying)
- Keep itemized receipts for all purchases
- Note: Eligibility varies by credit vs. subtraction—review DOR lists.
Deadlines
| Milestone | Date | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Tax year expenses window | Jan 1 – Dec 31 | Save receipts during the calendar year. |
| File MN return & claim | Mid-April (standard MN filing deadline) | Attach Schedule M1ED (credit) or report on M1M (subtraction). |
| PSEO application (if using) | Varies by college | See each institution’s PSEO deadlines & forms. |
Docs & forms
- K–12 Education Subtraction & Credit (program page) — schedules & instructions.
- Home School Expenses (guidance) — definitions & examples.
- PSEO overview (MDE) — who qualifies & how to enroll.
Official sources
FAQs
Can I claim both the credit and the subtraction?
Do homeschool expenses qualify?
What if I don’t owe MN income tax?
Are there non-tax programs I can use while homeschooling?
Contacts
Minnesota Dept. of Revenue — K–12 Credit/Subtraction
Phone: 651-296-3781 or 800-652-9094
Info: DOR program page
Hours: 8:00 a.m.–4:30 p.m. Mon–Fri
Minnesota Dept. of Education — PSEO
Phone: 651-582-8500
PSEO program page
Law & regulations
- Minn. Stat. § 290.0674 — Minnesota Education Credit — maximum credit and AGI thresholds.
- Minn. Stat. § 126C.19 — Shared time aid.
- PSEO authority & guidance (MDE).